The King of the
Flower
Introduction
A
rose is a woody perennial of the genus Rosa ,
within the family Rosaceae. There are over 100 species. They form a group of
plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing or trailing with stems that are often
armed with sharp prickles. Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large
and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds. Most species
are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and
northwest Africa . Species, cultivars and
hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant. Rose
plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach
7 meters in height. Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used
in the development of the wide range of garden roses.[1]
The
name rose comes from French, itself from Latin rosa, which was perhaps borrowed
from Oscan, from Greek ρόδον rhódon (Aeolic βρόδον wródon), itself borrowed
from Old Persian wrd- (wurdi), related to Avestan varəδa, Sogdian ward,
Parthian wâr.[2][3]
Rose leaflets
The
leaves are borne alternately on the stem. In most species they are 5 to 15
centimetres (2.0 to 5.9 in) long, pinnate, with (3–) 5–9 (–13) leaflets and
basal stipules; the leaflets usually have a serrated margin, and often a few
small prickles on the underside of the stem. Most roses are deciduous but a few
(particularly from South east Asia ) are evergreen
or nearly so.
The hybrid garden rose "Amber
Flush"
The
flowers of most species have five petals, with the exception of Rosa sericea, which usually has only four. Each petal is
divided into two distinct lobes and is usually white or pink, though in a few
species yellow or red. Beneath the petals are five sepals (or in the case of
some Rosa sericea, four). These may be long
enough to be visible when viewed from above and appear as green points
alternating with the rounded petals. There are multiple superior ovaries that
develop into achenes.[4] Roses are insect-pollinated in nature.
The
aggregate fruit of the rose is a berry-like structure called a rose hip. Many
of the domestic cultivars do not produce hips, as the flowers are so tightly
petalled that they do not provide access for pollination. The hips of most
species are red, but a few (e.g. Rosa
pimpinellifolia) have dark purple to black hips. Each hip comprises an outer
fleshy layer, the hypanthium, which contains 5–160 "seeds"
(technically dry single-seeded fruits called achenes) embedded in a matrix of
fine, but stiff, hairs. Rose hips of some species, especially the Dog Rose
(Rosa canina) and Rugosa Rose (Rosa rugosa),
are very rich in vitamin C, among the richest sources of any plant. The hips
are eaten by fruit-eating birds such as thrushes and waxwings, which then
disperse the seeds in their droppings. Some birds, particularly finches, also
eat the seeds.
কোন মন্তব্য নেই:
একটি মন্তব্য পোস্ট করুন
মনে রাখবেন: এই ব্লগের কোনও সদস্যই কোনও মন্তব্য পোস্ট করতে পারে৷